Sickle Cell Anemia and Stroke

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a condition in which a mutation in the hemoglobin gene causes red blood cells to assume an aberrant shape consisting of rough edges and sometimes a sickle-like appearance, capable of cutting through blood vessels. This is especially true when people with SCA are affected by dehydration, low blood pH, and low blood oxygen.

The problem of course is that these red blood cells in SCA have a difficult time negotiating their way through tight capillaries, which are the narrowest blood vessels in the body. As they pass through these, they nick them, causing serious problems which can range from severe pain, to blood clot formation. SCA red blood cells also burst easily causing anemia.

This is why people who suffer from SCA are at risk of strokes, and should keep hydrated, and well oxygenated at all times. Strokes are especially common in children with SCA, although they continue to happen throughout the lifetime of the individual.

Related Reading:

What is a stroke?
Blood tests used in stroke diagnosis
More on pediatric stroke
More on sickle cell anemia